People choose genetic testing for a variety of reasons. Some are concerned they are at risk for breast cancer because of their family history. Some are worried about passing genetic mutations on to their future children. Prenatal testing can be done on an unborn child when there is concern the baby may be sick with a condition such as Down syndrome.
Before you undergo genetic testing, it’s important you realize the tests have limitations. A positive result does not always mean you will develop the particular genetic disorder. A negative result doesn’t mean you are guaranteed not to get a disease. It is an imperfect science.
There are several things you should do before your genetic testing appointment. The genetic counselor you meet with will ask many in-depth questions about your family health history. Gather as much of this information as you can from your mother, father, grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins. Talk to your family about why you are being tested and whether or not they should consider testing, too. Finally, genetic testing is often not covered by health insurance, so make sure you know before your appointment what the cost will be and how you will pay for it.
Different types of medical tests are needed to gather the necessary samples. The type of medical test you experience depends on what you are being tested for. A medical professional may need to draw your blood for testing, or you may only need to have the inside of your cheek swabbed. If your unborn baby is being tested, a sample of amniotic fluid or the placenta may be required. You samples are then sent off for analysis.
When your results come in, they will be provided to your physician or your genetic counselor. He or she will schedule an appointment with you to discuss the results and any future health care or planning needs.